Image caption, Betsi Cadwaladr health board has been beset by problems since its inception in 2009
Wales' largest health board has been given a "final chance" to improve after spending nine years in special measures.
Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, which covers all of north Wales, has been under the highest level of oversight due to concerns about care quality, patient safety and leadership.
Due to a lack of progress, the Welsh government said it would take on a more direct role, with an expert panel set to review the situation and report back by the end of October.
Dyfed Edwards, chair of Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, said it welcomed the extra support and remained "committed to delivering safe, high-quality care".
On Tuesday, Health Minister Mabon ap Gwynfor warned "all options" were on the table if progress was not at the scale and pace it expected to see.
He added he was "sick and tired" of Betsi being "a byword for dysfunction and declining standards".
Addressing the senedd, he said there would be "no second chances" for those in leadership positions, while praising staff saying they were "as much the victims of this sorry saga as the patients".
Image source, PA MediaImage caption, Mabon ap Gwynfor (fifth from right in navy suit) is the health minister in the new Plaid Cymru government
Since 2013, there have been a number of highly critical reports into the health board, with it being placed in special measures in 2015 for the first time.
Last month the health inspectorate reported that Ysbyty Glan Clwyd's A&E was a service "needing significant improvements", less than two years after it came out of special scrutiny for similar issues.
While all emergency departments across Wales were struggling to bring down the numbers waiting longer than four or 12 hours before being admitted, transferred or discharged, two of the worst performing hospitals are in north Wales.
On many key NHS performance figures, Betsi Cadwaladr health board continues to be Wales's worst performer.
Around two thirds of the 3,694 patients who are waiting longer than two years for planned care in Wales, live in this health board area.
Ap Gwynfor said previous arrangements, which relied on the health board identifying and delivering its own recovery, with support alongside it, had not worked.
"This is the board's final chance to demonstrate they can deliver the consistent high standards of care that the people of north Wales deserve," he added.
Within the current rules ministers have the option to use emergency powers to remove control from the health board as a last resort.
In fact, his statement explicitly states that the existing board members and executive team "must take ownership of the long-standing issues".
Today's move "strengthens expectations" of the health board bosses he said, rather than absolving them of responsibility.
NHS Wales Performance and Improvement has been asked to support the health board with reducing long waits for cancer treatment, tackling ambulance handover delays and two-year waits for planned care.
A team will also be set up to make improvements in urgent and emergency care.
We have previously seen resignations and replacements within the leadership of the health board, however the minister will also be aware that wholesale changes at the top risk further delay and confusion.
But he will also be keen to show action on an issue that has plagued successive governments and caused long-term concern for patients, even if a tangible difference is unlikely to be felt by staff or patients for some time.
He said there were still plans to review the effectiveness of the current escalation and intervention framework for health boards, which have "clearly shown to be wanting by the chronic issues at Betsi".
In a statement, Edwards said: "We welcome the opportunity to work collaboratively with the Welsh government and NHS Performance and Improvement to ensure we continue making improvements for the people of North Wales."
He added the board remained "committed to delivering safe, high-quality care" and would use independent expertise to help "strengthen" the organisation.
Are you a patient or a health board staff member who has been affected by issues raised in this story?
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