Leonard Bernstein at Harvard / The Norton Lectures 1973: "The Unanswered Question"

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "First of all..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "Perhaps the principal thing..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "Let me start..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "This is not just a sentimental anecdote..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "From this time..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "But how do we investigate..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "Now you can see..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "Universality is a big word..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "Other linguists..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "I began by imagining myself..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "Well, then I thought..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "Let's make a simple analogy..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "Maybe even a divine one..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "But where do these notes come from?"

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "This acoustical phenomenon..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "All these upper notes..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "The first overtone..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "But more of that later..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "But let's not make the mistake..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "And that's how the tempered clavichord..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "Now this is a substantive universal..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "But let's be careful..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "And there is always that blue note..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "But even these twelve tones..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "I trust you realize..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "And again comes a great leap..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "Now this means..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "This is not to say that there were no drastic changes..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "But meanwhile we are still in the Golden Age..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "So, we're in the midst of a chromatic adventure..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "And all by those progressions..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "Now, I must point out..."

Vol. 1: Musical Phonology: "Do you realize..."

Symphony no. 40 in G minor: I. Molto allegro

Symphony no. 40 in G minor: II. Andante

Symphony no. 40 in G minor: III. Menuetto. Allegretto - Trio

Symphony no. 40 in G minor: IV. Finale. Allegro assai

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Every once in a while..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Last week..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Amen, says Noam Chomsky..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "I suppose what Chomsky is really after..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "So, let's pull up our socks..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "All right, let's try another one..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Why am I taking your time..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Well then..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "I think it follows..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "But first, what are these principles..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Transformational grammar..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "But now just think of that sentence..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Since this is not a linguistics class..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Take the passive transformation..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Well, it hasn't brought us there..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Good - now just as three notes are linked together..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Now let's go back..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Now we are ready..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Now I want to take you..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Well, transformation, deletion, embedding, pronominalization..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "I am sure I don't have to trouble..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Here I go..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "I have asked myself..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "I became so fascinated..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Let's take one such utterance..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Now imagine..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Now let's see..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Mozart's G minor Symphony..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Now our job is..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "That introductory accompaniment..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "What does this three-note design mean..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "The reason I pick symmetry..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Now from here on..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "And once again, we are back..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "By far the chief transformational principle..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "You see, one of the great failings..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Most people hearing Mozart's opening..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "So what, you ask..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "And if you are still not convinced..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "These ambiguities..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "For instance, in this same first movement..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "So all these syntactic transformations of the same material..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "He talks about this sonnet..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Because now it's time..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "But now let's listen to..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Listen to the whole exposition..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "Development coming up..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "The circle of fifths again..."

Vol. 2: Musical Syntax: "And that was all one single sentence..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "The other day..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "The first would show us one meaning..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "Think of this famous passage..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "A linguist would say..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "Well, I replied, Chomsky would say..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "Of course, that last metaphorical leap..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "Terrific, said my blonde inquisitor..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "In fact, when you think of the number..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "All right, first let's look briefly..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "Playing, that's the word..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "But does this Stravinskian game concept..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "There are three specific ways..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "Now, having defined my usages of metaphor..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "And here we are in trouble..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "Are we feeling what Beethoven supposedly felt..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "We will never know..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "Now, if we accept this general idea..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "In our last lecture..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "We all recognize antithesis..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "It can and it does..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "And again, as in the poem..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "In fact, it has been authoritatively suggested..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "We can expand the idea..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "What do you suppose..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "What's seriously striking..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "So why the Pastorale in this lecture..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "Let's begin at the beginning..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "But what of the more obvious melodic material..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "But to develop how..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "Now we have an insight..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "But wait..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "But why were just those two notes added..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "The metaphor arises..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "But in the ensuing four bars..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "But that's not the main event..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "Well, that's the beginning..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "That's one of the questions..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "This interference of the two frequencies..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "But what are we to say..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "It is to be found..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "Now that's one way of looking..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "At this point..."

Vol. 3: Musical Semantics: "Even if you can succeed..."

Symphony no. 6 in F major "Pastoral" op. 68: I. Erwachen heiterer Empfindungen bei der Ankunft auf dem Lande. Allegro ma non troppo

Symphony no. 6 in F major "Pastoral" op. 68: II. Szene am Bach. Andante molto moto

Symphony no. 6 in F major "Pastoral" op. 68: III. Lustiges Zusammensein der Landleute. Allegro

Symphony no. 6 in F major "Pastoral" op. 68: IV. Gewitter, Sturm. Allegro

Symphony no. 6 in F major "Pastoral" op. 68: V. Hirtengesang. Frohe und dankbare Gefühle nach dem Sturm. Allegretto

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "When I first wrote down the title..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Part of the danger..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "The idea of ambiguity..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Similarly, in our second lecture..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Then what's the magic secret..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Enough of ambiguity..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "The irony of all this..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "But, mind you..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Where music was concerned..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Only think of..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "And Chopin: well, we can't ignore Chopin..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "And then, in the same little mazurka..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Foolish questions..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Let me try to read you..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Listen to this..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "They began to intermingle..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "The pivotal point..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "So there is a dramatic change..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "So it is after all not so surprising..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Now if you noticed..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "You see, the music is trying hard..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "So that instant in musical time..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Now Romeo is all stirred up..."

Romeo and Juliet, op. 17: I. Roméo seul: Tristesse - Bruits de concerts et de Bal - Grand fête chez Capulet: Andante malinconico e sostenuto -

Romeo and Juliet, op. 17: Allegro - Larghetto espressivo -

Romeo and Juliet, op. 17: Allegro -

Romeo and Juliet, op. 17: Réunion des duex themes, du Larghetto et de l'Allegro

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "What a piece..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Quite unconsciously borrowed..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "My purpose in all this..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Is it, says Wagner..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Every diminished seventh chord..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Now the remarkable thing is..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "And this is what gives Tristan..."

Tristan and Isolde: Prelude and Liebestod

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "That may be the slowest performance..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "But ultimately..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Poetry has begun to show..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "And when Debussy..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "It's lovely, this dreaming..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "For example, do you remember..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "In fact, the ending of this piece..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Let me show you briefly..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "This new episode that proceeds..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "For instance, hardly have we had time..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Because the scale..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "It's almost exactly what happens..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Literally translated..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "But notice, too, that the example..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Both works have definitive beginnings..."

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Listen as I play..."

Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune, l.86

Vol. 4: The Delights and Dangers of Ambiguity: "Some crazy modern music..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "Our lecture tonight..."

Rapsodie espagnole, m. 54: IV. Feria

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "What a way to enter the twentieth century..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "But 1908, if the truth to be told..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "These troubling presentiments..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "So, now in 1908..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "This is atonality..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "A charming idea..."

The Unanswered Question

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "Is that luminous final triad..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "I have recently been reading..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "We have already referred to some of those..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "In any case..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "But for all these reasons..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "Son of Tristan..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "Now you look at those first two bars..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "Of course, there are lots..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "It's as though a new covenant..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "Trouble is, that the new musical rules..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "The kind of tonal feeling..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "Of course, there are those who say..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "It seems somehow inevitable..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "Is there possibly the beginning..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "And what about Beethoven's Ninth..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "These are some of the problems..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "Now let's jump ahead..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "Let's put it another way..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "First of all, Berg chose a tone row..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "So, all in all..."

Violin concerto (excerpt)

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "Fantastic..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "It comes at a point..."

Violin concerto: II. Allegro, ma sempre rubato (excerpt)

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "If this particularly demanding lecture..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "If you really have been thinking..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "But while restudying this work..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "The twentieth century..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "What do you do if you know all this..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "It's very strange, how the pieces..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "What exactly was this news..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "We emerge from a cinema..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "As you listen to this finale..."

Vol. 5: The Twentieth Century Crisis: "This is Mahler..."

Symphony no. 9 in D major: IV. Adagio. Sehr langsam und noch zurückhaltend

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "I know what you are thinking..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "What about this..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "I am plaguing you with this question..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Of course what he is really talking about..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "But it was precisely..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Now I have just used two words..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "In fact, it was Satie, Picasso, and Cocteau..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "But our scene..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Even in the most..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "For our purposes..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Musicologists are always pointing..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "But bitonality does not only serve..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Of course, polytonality can and does..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Now what's going on..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "And while you are in that record shop..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Of course, these asymmetries..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Brutal it may be..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Now, remember..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "These are two sets..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Just cast an eye..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Now that page of music..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "But the most striking semantic effect..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "This new aesthetic relaxation..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Even some Germans..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "You can see how the transformation..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Chomsky himself gives a classic example..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Very important, the ironic element..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "So, it would seem..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "But this neoclassic approach..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "I think this is again a moment..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "It's the essence..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "If this poem were rewritten..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Why have I digressed..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Now can you understand..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Untermeyer called this..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Of course, with The Waste Land..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "But the thing of it all is..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "We are going to hear..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "One has only learnt to get..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Now i propose only because..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "This union is possible only because..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "But what has all this to do with Stravinsky..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "And this is the essence..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Look: here is a joke..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Chilling, shattering, neoclassic..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Stravinsky's own aesthetic pronouncements..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "But of course he was forced..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "And now we are finally ready..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "And then Mozart appears..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "But this eclecticism knows no bounds..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Now all this I had planned to tell you..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "You think that's funny..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "How about that..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Then came the answer..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "But why this particular misalliance..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "My words are poor..."

Oedipus Rex: Prologue: "You are about to hear a Latin version of Oedipus the King"

Oedipus Rex: Act I: "Caedit nos pestis"

Oedipus Rex: Act I: "Liberi, vos liberabo"

Oedipus Rex: Act I: "This is Creon, brother-in-law of Oedipus"

Oedipus Rex: Act I: "Respondit deus"

Oedipus Rex: Act I:" Oedipus questions the Fountain of Truth"

Oedipus Rex: Act I: "Dicere non possum"

Oedipus Rex: Act I: "Gloria!"

Oedipus Rex: Act II: "The dispute of the princes attracts the attention of Jocasta"

Oedipus Rex: Act II: "Nonn' erubescite, reges"

Oedipus Rex: Act II: "Ne probentur oracula"

Oedipus Rex: Act II: "Ego senem cecici"

Oedipus Rex: Act II: "The witness to the murder comes out of the shadow"

Oedipus Rex: Act II: "Adest omniscius pastor"

Oedipus Rex: Act II: "Nonne monstrum rescituri"

Oedipus Rex: Act II: "And now you are going to hear that famous monolog..."

Oedipus Rex: Act II: "Divum Jocastae caput mortuum!"

Oedipus Rex: Act II: "Ecce! Regem Oedipoda"

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Va-le-di-co..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "During that decade..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "It was at this point that I wrote..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "What interests me about it..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "Is it possible..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "It's as tough in the period..."

Vol. 6: The Poetry of Earth: "And I believe..."